C

C     A high-level programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie and Brian Kernighan at Bell Labs in the mid 1970's. C is particularly popular with personal computer programmers because it is relatively small, and requires less memory than other languages.

C&A     Certification & Authorization.

C++     A high-level programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs. C++ adds object-oriented features to its predecessor, C. It is one of the most popular programming languages for graphical applications, such as those that run in Windows and Macintosh environments.

CA     Corrective Action (ES&H)

CA     Channel Access

CA HSC     CAlifornia Health and Safety Code.

CAA     Clean Air Act. (42 U.S.C. Ch. 85, Sec. 7401 et seq)

Cable     See CBL.

Cable Access Receiver     See CAR.

Cable Access Transmitter     See CAT.

CACM     Contract Assurance / Contract Management.

CAD/CAM     Computer Assisted Design / Computer Assisted Manufacturing.

CAE     Chinese Academy of Engineering

CAER     Community Awareness and Emergency Response (a CMA program).

CAIRS     Computerized Accident / Incident Reporting System.

CAIs     Calcium Aluminum-rich InclusionS.

CAL     CALorimeter subsystem (GLAST/FERMI).

CAL/OSHA     California Occupational Safety and Health Administration.

Cal-ARP     California Accidental Release Program.

Calendar Year     See CY.

Calibration     BPMs: Calibration measures pedestal and ADC linearity so the computer can position the beam from the BPM data more precisely.

Calibration     Magnets: A method of matching the actual current of a magnet to its set value. The DAC to current function is accurately measured for improved trimming performance.

CALO     Calorimeter.

Calorimeter     A detector or any device measuring the energy of a particle or system.

CalSim     CALibration SIMulation. (LSST)

CAM     Control or Cost Account Manager.

CAM     Continuous Air Monitor. (SSRL)

CAMEO     Computer-Aided Management of Emergency Operations. (NOAA)

CAMERA     Center for Advanced Mathematics for Energy Research Applications. (LBNL)

CAMP     Capital Asset Management Process.

CAMP     CFEL-ASG-Multi-Purpose. Instrument constructed for a series of experiments at the LCLS.

CAMS     Corrective Action Management System.

CAMS     Chemical and Materials Science (SSRL group)

CAN     Controller Area Network.

CANDI     Controller ANalog/Digital Interface card.

CANGAROO     Collaboration of Australia and Nippon for a GAmma Ray Observatory in the Outback.

CAO     Collaborative Agreement Order. Like a purchase order, but contain s a disclaimer that it is not a contract, but is issued as an admi nistrative convenience.

CAP     Continuous Acquisition Pixel.

CAP     Corrective Action Plan

Cap Sigma     Capital Sigma. The square root of the quadratic sum of the sizes of the two beams at the IP. It is a fit parameter from a beam-beam deflection scan.

Capital Sigma     See Cap Sigma.

CAPTAR     The SLAC CAble Plant Tracking database.

CAPTCHA     Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart.

CAR     Canonical Anticommutation Relations

CARB     California Air Resources Board. See ARB.

Carcinogenic     Capable of causing cancer.

CARE     Coordinated Accelerator Research in Europe.

CAS     Cost Accounting Standards.

CAS     Contract Assurance System.

CAS     CERN Accelerator School.

CAS     Chinese Academy of Sciences.

CAS     Chemical Abstracts Service.

CAS    Condition Assessment Surveys

CASA     Center for Advanced Studies of Accelerators.

CASE     Computer-Aided Software Engineering.

Cask     A thick-walled container (usually lead) used to transport radioactive material. Also called a coffin.

CAST     CERN Axion Solar Telescope.

CASTOR     Centauro And Strange Object Research.

CAT     Cherenkov Array at Themis. Astronomy telescope array in the French Pyrenees.

CatApp     Computer application developed by SUNCAT scientists that displays reaction and activation energies for reactions occurring on cataly tic metal surfaces.

CATER     Comprehensive Accelerator Tool For Enhancing Reliability. Accelerator trouble reporting system.

Caustic Soda     Sodium Hydroxide, a strong alkaline substance used as the cleaning agent in some detergents.

Caustics     A large class of substances which form solutions having a high pH, also bases and alkalis.

Cavity     A metal enclosure whose dimensions are designed to resonate at some given RF or microwave frequency. Used to accelerate beams and/or compensate for loss of beam power in damping and storage rings.

Cavity resonator     A tunable copper cavity capable of storing electromagnetic energy of a particular wavelength and frequency and then, when properly synchronized, of imparting that energy to an electron beam passing through it. Invented by William W. Hansen, who called it the rhumbatron.

CAYG     Clean As You Go

CAZ     Controlled Access Zone.

CBAR     Contracts, Billing and Accounts Receivable (SLAC)

CBD     Commerce Business Daily

CBF     Correlated Basis Function

CBI     Cosmic Background Imager.

CBI     Critical Behaviors Inventory.

CBL     CaBLe. Klystron summary display message indicating that the cable has a problem.

CBM     Cloudy Bag Model

CBR     Cosmic Background Radiation

CBRP     Campus Building Renovation Project (SLAC)

CBT     Computer-Based Training.

CBXFEL     Cavity-Based XFEL

CC     Citizen Committee

CC     Configuration Control.

CCAST     China Center of Advanced Science and Technology.

CCB     Change Control Board.

CCCP     Chemical Carcinogen Control Program. (SLAC)

CCD     Charge-Coupled Device. A device wherein semiconductors are arranged so that the output of one serves as the input of the next .

CCD     Charge Control Device.

CCFM     Ciafaloni-Catani-Fiorani-Marchesini

CCIN2P3     Computing Center of the National Institute of Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics. (2 N's and 3 P's)

CCIRDA     Coordinating Committee for Informatics Research Development and Application (DOE)

CCITT     Consultative Committee International Telephone and Telegraph. A unit of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) of the United Nations. It produces technical standards, known as recommendations, for all internationally controlled aspects of analog and digital communications.

CCITT V.24     A set of data communications standards, similar to RS-232C, that calls out the signals to use to connect digital equipment to make the equipment compatible.

CCJ RIKEN PHENIX     Computing Center in Japan, a regional center.

CCLRC     the Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils in England.

CCM     Channel-Cut Monochromator. Device that uses a pair of crystals to produce a monochromatic beam.

CCR     California Code of Regulations (formerly California Administrative Code).

CCR     Canonical Commutation Relations

CCS     Carbon Capture and Storage.

CCSG     Child Care Subsidy Grant. (Stanford)

CCST     California Council on Science and Technology.

cctbx.xfel     Computational Crystallography ToolboX for X-ray Free-Electron Lasers.

CCTV     Closed Circuit TeleVision.

CCW     Constituent Concentrations in Waste.

CCWE     Constituent Concentrations in Waste Extract.

CD     Controls Department.

CD     Critical Decision.

CDC     Central Drift Chamber. A part of a typical colliding beam detector used to track charged particle trajectories.

CDC     Controlled Document Collection. (SLAC)

CDC     Centers for Disease Control. (Federal)

CDE     calorimeter Crystal DEtector (GLAST).

CDF     Collider detector at Fermilab

CDFA     California Department of Food and Agriculture.

CDHS     California Department of Health Services (aka DHS, DOHS, SDOHS).

CDM     Cold Dark Matter

CDMS     Controlled Document Management System. (SLAC)

CDMS     Cryogenic Dark Matter Search.

CDO     Chief Diversity Officer (SLAC)

CDO     Controlled Document Owner. (SLAC)

CDR     Conceptual Design Report

CDS     Controls & Data Systems PHOTON

CDS     Controlled Document Specialist. (SLAC)

CDW     Charge Density Waves.

CEA     Commissariat a  l'Energie Atomique. (French Atomic Energy Commission)

CEB     Causal Entropy Bound.

CEBAF     The Newport News, VA Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility was officially dedicated on 5-24-96, at which time its parent lab was renamed the Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory (JNAL). CEBAF is a JNAL accelerator that uses radio-frequency cavities made of super-conducting materials to propel high-energy electrons around a race-track shaped course.

CEC     California Energy Commission.

CEDE     Committed Effective Dose Equivalent.

CEF     Conventional and Experimental Facilities. (Formerly SEM and EFD)

CELESTE     a cosmic gamma-ray experiment.

Cell     The smallest structural part of living matter capable of functioning as an independent unit.

Cell     In solid waste disposal, a hole where waste is dumped, compacted, and covered with layers of dirt on a daily basis.

Cell     A repetitive transport line unit in which the optics are such that beta out = beta in. Typical LINAC cells are 24 meters long, except for sectors two through fours which are six to 12 meters long.

CELLS     Consorcio para la Construcción, Equipamiento y Explotación del Laboratorio de Luz de Sincrotrón. (Spain)

CEM     Cascade Exiton Model.

CEM     Continuous Emission Monitoring.

CENIC     Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California.

Central Drift Chamber     See CDC.

Central Lab Addition     Building 084. Also known as Central Lab Annex. (SLAC)

Centrifugal Collector     A mechanical system using centrifugal force to remove aerosols from a gas stream or water from sludge.

CEP    Capitol Equipment Project.

CEPE-DOE     office of Cost Estimating and Program Evaluation-Department of Energy.

CEPP     Chemical Emergency Preparedness Program. (from EPA)

CEQ     Council on Environmental Quality.

CEQA     California Environmental Quality Act. (CPRC Sec. 21000 et seq)

CERCLA     Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act. Also known as Superfund. (42 U.S.C. Ch. 1, Subch. J, Part 300 et seq)

Cerenkov detector    see Cherenkov detector.

CERFnet     California Education and Research Federation Network.

CERN     European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland. (in French: Organisation Europeenne pour la Recherche Nucleaire). The acronym, still used, derives from the organization's original name: Centre Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleair.

CERS     California Environmental Reporting System

CERT     Community Emergency Response Team (SLAC)

Certifiable Systems     Computer and telecommunications systems that can be used for, or modified to be used for, classified information.

Certified Hazardous Waste Specialist     See CHWS.

CESER     Cybersecurity, Energy Security and EMergency Response, Office of. (DOE)

Cesiate     The process of coating a cathode with a cesium compound to decrease its work function and improve its electron yield is called cesiation. The polarized light source used at CID in 1992 had its cathode cesiated once every several days.

CesrTA     Cornell electron storage ring - Test Accelerator.

CF     Core Function. ENVIRO

CF     Conflat Flange.

CfA     Center for Astrophysics (Harvard-Smithsonian).

CFCs     Chlorofluorocarbons. A family of inert, nontoxic, and easily liquefied chemicals used in refrigeration, air conditioning, packaging, insulation, or as solvents and aerosol propellants. Because CFCs are not destroyed in the lower atmosphere, they drift into the upper atmosphere, where their chlorine components destroy ozone.

CFEL     Centre for Free-Electron Laser science.

CFI     CAD Framework Initiative.

CFL     Color Flavor Locked.

CFO     Chief Financial Officer.

CFP     Cosmology and Fundamental Physics.

CFR     Code of Federal Regulations.

CFS     Conventional Facilities and Siting. (Also shown as CF&S).

CFS     Cubic Feet per Second.

CFT     Conformal Field Theory

CG     Center of Gravity

CGC     California Government Code.

CG     C Clebsch-Gordan coefficients

CGHS     Callan-Giddings-Harvey-Strominger

CGI     Combustible Gas Indicator.

CGI     Common Graphical Interface

CGI     Common Gateway Interface

CGM     Computer Graphics Metafile.

CGR     Carbon Glass Resistance

CGRaBS     Candidate Gamma-Ray Blazar Survey project.

CGRO     Compton Gamma Ray Observatory.

CGS     Chemical and General Safety.

CH     Combinatorial Hierarchy.

CH     CHicago office. (DOE)

CH&SC     California Health and Safety Code.

CHANDRA     See CXO

ChEM-H     Chemistry, Engineering, and Medicine for Human Health. (Stanford)

Chemical Emergency    See Emergency (Chemical).

Chemical Transportation Emergency Center     See CHEMTREC.

CHEMNET     A mutual aid network of chemical shippers and contractors accessible through CHEMTREC.

ChemRIXS     Chemical RIXS

CHEMTREC     CHEMical TRansportation Emergency Center. Sponsored by the Chemical Manufacturers Association. Telephone: 800-424-9300.

CHEP     Computing in High Energy and nuclear Physics (conference).

Cherenkov Detector     A detector for counting or detecting high energy charged particles. The particle passes through a liquid or a gas, and the light emitted as Cherenkov radiation is registered by a photomultiplier tube. (Cherenkov radiation is produced when a charged particle passes through a medium at a speed greater than the speed of light in that medium.)

Cherenkov Ring Imaging Detector     See CRID.

CHESS     Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source.

CHFB     Cranked Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov

CHI     CHIcane.

Chicane     A Beam line bump made with four bend magnets. Chicanes are used as energy filters to transmit only the part of the spectrum wanted or to eliminate particles of the wrong charge (as in the positron chicane in EP02). The strengths of the four bends are calculated to transmit beams of a specific energy. There are three chicanes in the SLC: the CID Compressor Chicane, the LI01 Chicane, and the EP02 Chicane.

CHICOS     California High school Cosmic ray ObServatory.

CHIPP     the Swiss Institute of Particle Physics.

Chirped Beam     A beam that is accelerated so that the tail of the electronic bunch can be given a higher energy than the head (LCLS).

CHL     Chaudhuri-Hockney-Lykken

CHLOREP     CHLOrine Emergency Plan operated by the Chlorine Institute and activated through CHEMTREC.

Chlorinated Hydrocarbons     Halogenated hydrocarbons in which the halogen in the molecular structure is chlorine.

Chlorinated Solvent     An organic solvent containing chlorine atoms, e.g., methylene chloride and 1,1,1-trichloralmethane which is used in aerosol spray containers and in traffic paint.

Chlorofluorocarbons     See CFCs.

CHP     California Highway Patrol.

ChPT     Chiral Perturbation Theory

CHRIS/HACS     Chemical Hazard Response Information System/Hazard Assessment Computer System. Developed by and accessed through the U.S. Coast Guard. Also available for purchase in four manuals. HACS is a computerized model of the four CHRIS manuals.

CHRO     Chief Human Resources Officer (SLAC)

Chromatic Aberration     The energy-dependent distortion caused by a quadrupole. Particles of different energy are focused to different points because high-energy particles are focused (or bent) less than lower-energy particles. This is analogous to light optics, where light of different colors has different wavelengths (energy) and therefore different indexes of refraction when passing through a thin lens.

Chromatic Filamentation     The increase in the phase space area resulting from chromatic aberration. As the beam rotates in phase space, the resulting emittance is larger.

Chronic Effects     Toxic effects which occur over relatively long periods of time, e.g., months or years. See also Acute Effects.

Chronic Toxicity     A qualitative measure of a toxic agent administered repeatedly over a long period of time, e.g., months or years. See also Acute Toxicity.

CHSC     California Health and Safety Code.

CHWMP     County Hazardous Waste Management Plan. (CH&SC Sec. 25135 et seq)

CHWR     CHilled Water Return.

CHWS     Certified Hazardous Waste Specialist. A certification issued by the National Environmental Health Association (NEHA) to degreed individuals with specified experience in hazardous waste management who pass a written examination.

CHWS

CHilled Water Supply.

Ci     Curie. A quantitative measure of radioactivity equal to 3.7 x 1010 disintegrations per second.

CICC     Cable In Conduit Conductors

CICG     Centre International de Conférences Genève. (Geneva International Conference Center)

CICHEP     Cairo International Conference on High Energy Physics.

CID     Center for Inverse Design. DOE National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL ) project in which SSRL is a participant.

CID Analyzing Station     See CAS-0.

CIEMAT   Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas. (Research Center for Energy, Environment and Technology).(Spain)

CIFAR     Canadian Institute For Advanced Research.

CIM     Constituent Interchange Model.

CINVESTAV     Centro de INVestigación y de ESTudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional. (Center for Investigation and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute in Mexico)

CIRCE     The Coherent InfaRed CEnter, at LBNL.

CIS     Commonwealth of Independent States.

CISAC     Committee on International Security and Arms Control (National Academy of Sciences)

CISAC     Center for International Security and Cooperation. (Stanford)

CISC     Complex Instruction Set Computer.

CISC     Center for Interface Science and Catalysis. (SLAC/Stanford)

CISE     Computer and Information Science and Engineering

CISO     Chief Information Security Officer.

CISTI     Canada Institute for Scientific Technology Information.

CIT     Compact Ignition Tokamak.

CITRIX     Software application that allows SLAC staff and users to access computer accounts from home.

CIV     Cachazo-Intriligator-Vafa.

CJT     Cornwall-Jackiw-Tomboulis

CKM     Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa. The name given to a matrix of numbers related to quark interactions. The numbers are often shown in a graphical form called the unitary triangle.

CL     Controller Laser.

CLAS     CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer

Class A Fires     Fires involving ordinary combustible materials.

Class B Fires     Fires involving flammable liquids.

Class C Fires     Fires involving energized electrical equipment.

Class D Fires     Fires involving combustible metals such as Li, Mg, Ti, Zn, Na, and K.

CLCWL     China's Linear Collider Workshop.

CLE2     CLEO II detector at CESR.

CLEAN     Continuous wave Linac for Efficiency and Availability iNnovation.

Clean Room     A specifically prepared and designated location that limits the intrusion of airborne particles and/or fume contamination using positive pressure, filtered air, special ventilation systems, and other methods.

Cleanup     Actions taken to deal with a release or threat of release of a hazardous substance that could affect humans and/or the environment. The term `cleanup' is sometimes used interchangeably with the terms remedial action, removal action, response action, or corrective action.

CLGW     CooLinG Water.

Client/Client Process     A program running on a network workstation that requests services from a network server. For example, a client might be a user sitting at a workstation using a front end program--a client process --that makes a request to a database server for data.

Client-Server Architecture     A distributed computing system in which a client process (a front end program requesting a service) sends a request to a program running on another machine (a server) to perform some function. For example, a database client might request a database server to supply some collection of sorted data. The server performs the sort and sends the sorted data to the client.

CLM     Chemical Lifecycle Management (ESH)

CLNSF     Collaboration of the Light-and Neutron-Source Facilities. (US)

CLOC     Central Lab Office Complex. (LCLS)

Closed-Loop Recycling     Reclaiming or reusing wastewater for non-potable purposes in an enclosed process.

CLR     Common Language Runtime.

CLSS     Compton Laser Safety Stopper.

CM     Crisis Manager.

CM     Construction Manager.

CM     Center of Mass

CMA     Chemical Manufacturers Association.

CMB      Cosmic Microwave Background.

CMBR     Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation.

CMB-S4     Cosmic Microwave Background-Stage 4

CMD     Cryogenic magnetic detector at VEPP-2M, Novosibirsk.

CMDB     Configuration Management DataBase (ServiceNow)

CMFD     Centrally Managed - Field Deployed.

CMIP     Common Management Information Protocol. An OSI standard protocol used with the Common Management Information Services (CMIS).

CMIS     Common Management Information Services.

CMMS     Computer Maintenance Management System.

CMOS     Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor detector.

CMR     Colossal MagnetoResistance.

CMRF     Cryomodule Maintenance and Repair Facility (SLAC)

CMS     Compact Muon Solenoid, general purpose detector at the LHC (CERN).

CMS     Chemical Management Services.

CMS     Central Lab Machine Shop. (SLAC)

CMS     Center-of-Mass System.

CMS     Content Management Software.

CMSSM     Constrained Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model.

CMT     Crisis Management Team.

CN     Cyanide.

CNAO     Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica, located in Pavia in Italy.

CNGrid     China National Grid.

CNGS     CERN Neutrinos to Gran Sasso, a project.

CNLS     Cornell Laboratory of Nuclear Studies.

CNM     Chiral NonMinimal

CNN     Convolutional Neural Network.

CNRS     Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France).

CNS     Central Nervous System.

CNTR     Counters.

CO     Conduit Only.

Coaxial Cable     An electrical cable in which a piece of wire is surrounded by insulation and then surrounded by a tubular piece of metal whose axis of curvature coincides with the center of the piece of wire, hence the term, `coaxial.' Such cable offers high transmission rates, and is used by Ethernet.

COBE     COsmic Background Explorer satellite.

COBIT     Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology.

COD     Chemical Oxygen Demand.

COE     Conduct Of Engineering.

COFC     Container On Flat Car.

COG     Continuity Of Government.

COH1 and COH2     COHerent 1 and COHerent 2 lasers. Used as sources for the beam

CoHE     Control of Hazardous Energy.

Coherent Oscillation     An oscillation created when all particles of a bunch oscillate with the same phase.

COI     Conflict Of Interest.

Coliform Index     A rating of the purity of water based on a count of fecal bacteria.

COLIM     COLlIMator.

Collaboration     The set of physicists (and related postdoctoral and graduate students) who are actively involved in a specific experiment at any time during its development, running, analysis and publication

Collider Injector Development     See CID.

Collimator     Sometimes called `slit.' A mechanical device installed in a beam line in order to reduce the aperture. SLC collimators are either `fixed' or have movable `jaws' and are used to define the energy and/or remove beam tails. Protection collimators are used to intercept high power beams before they can impact on magnetic elements in a beam line. See also PC.

COLTRIMS     COld Target Recoil Ion Momentum Spectroscopy

Combustion Product     Substance produced during the burning or oxidation of a material.

COMET     superconducting proton cyclotron at the Paul Scherrer Institute (P SI).

COMFORT     A program to design transport line optics. COMFORT computes only twiss and storage ring parameters.

Command Post     See CP.

Common Management Information Protocol     See CMIP.

Community Antenna Television     See CATV.

Community Toxicology Unit     See COMTU.

COMPASS    Common Muon and Proton Apparatus for Structure and Spectroscopy (CERN)

COMPLETE     COordinated Molecular Probe Line Extinction Thermal Emission survey.

Compliance Schedule      A negotiated agreement between a pollution source and a government agency that specifies dates and procedures by which a source will reduce emissions and, thereby, comply with a regulation.

Compressor     A system, incorporating an RF source and a bending transport line section, used to reduce the length of a particle bunch. An energy spread is introduced into the bunch using a short accelerator section. The leading particles, with more energy, will traverse a longer path through the bend section because they bend less. The tail, or trailing particles of lower energy, will make a sharper bend and catch up with the head, thus reducing the bunch length. This method is used to reduce bunch length after the damping rings in the NRTL and the SRTL.

Compton Effect     The reduction in the energy of high-energy photons when they are scattered by free electrons during elastic collisions.

Compton Polarimeter     A device which ascertains the degree of polarization of the electron beam by measuring the cross section of compton-scattered electrons from polarized laser light.

Computer Architecture     The area of computer study that deals with the physical structure (hardware) of computer systems and the relationships among these various hardware components.

COMTU     COMmunity Toxicology Unit. A subdivision of DHS.

Confined Aquifer     See Artesian Aquifer.

Conservation     Avoiding waste of, and renewing when possible, human and natural resources. The protection, improvement, and use of natural resources according to principles that will assure their highest economic or social benefits.

Contaminant      Any physical, chemical, biological, or radiological substance or matter that has an adverse effect on air, water, or soil.

Contingency Plan     A document setting out an organized, planned, and coordinated course of action to be followed in case of a fire or explosion or a release of hazardous waste from a TSDF or a generator's facility that could threaten human health or the environment. (from RCRA)

Control Technique Guidelines     See CTG.

Controlled Access     A PPS interlocked state that allows controlled entry without violating the `searched state' of an SLC area. An MCC operator must visually (by remote cable TV) identify and log all persons entering or leaving the area. An interlocked key bank system is used to control the number of people in the area. The operator logs the names of the people entering the area, and releases each of them a key which they may use for entry and must return upon leaving the area.

Controlled Area     An area wherein entry is controlled for the purpose of radiation protection.

CONTV     CONTrol Valve.

COO     Chief Operating Officer.

Cookie     A message given to a Web browser by a Web server. The browser stores the message in a text file called cookie.txt. The message is then sent back to the server each time the browser requests a page from the server.

Coolant     A liquid or gas used to reduce the heat generated by power production in nuclear reactors, electric generators, various industrial and mechanical processes, and automobile engines.

Cooling Tower     A structure that helps remove heat from water used as a coolant, e.g., in electric power generating plants.

COPC     Chemicals Of Potential Concern (ESH)

COPPER     Modularized pipeline readout electronics system. Developed for KEK B-factory upgrade.

CORBA     Common Object Request Broker Architecture, a software system which deals with distributed object computing

CORE     Committee for Outreach, Recruitment & Engagement. (SLAC)

CORR     CORRector magnet

Corrosion     The dissolving and wearing away of metal caused by a chemical reaction such as between water and the pipes that the water contacts, chemicals touching a metal surface, or contact between two metals.

Corrosive     A chemical agent that reacts with the surface of a material causing it to deteriorate or wear away.

COSM     Cosmology and astrophysics.

COSMOS     COsmologically Significant Mass Oscillation Search (A Fermilab Experiment)

Cost Recovery     A legal process by which potentially responsible parties who contributed to contamination at a Superfund site can be required to reimburse the Trust Fund for money spent during any cleanup actions by the federal government.

CoSWMP     County Solid Waste Management Plan. (California)

COSY     COoler SYnchrotron.

COTR     Coherent Optical Transition Radiation.

COTS     Commercial Off The Shelf, components that are commercially available, generally in stock.

Counter     An electronic device used to count pulses or the frequency of oscillations.

Counter     A particle detector used for counting particles or monitoring radiation.

COUPP     Chicagoland Observatory for Underground Particle Physics.

Cover     Vegetation or other material providing protection as ground cover.

COVID-19     COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (previously known as "2019 novel coronavirus")

CP     Cathodic Protection.

CP     Command Post. A facility located at a safe distance upwind from an accident site, where the on-scene coordinator, responders, and technical representatives can make response decisions, deploy manpower and equipment, maintain liaison with news media, and handle communications.

CP     Charge Parity.

CP Symmetry     Charge-parity symmetry. Under this principle, the physics of an interaction would be unaffected if a particle were to be converted into its anti-particle and viewed in a mirror.

CP Violation     The small but important asymmetry of the weak interactions under the combined operations of charge conjugation and parity inversion. Was discovered experimentally by James Cronin and Val Fitch of Princeton, who won the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery.

CPARS     Contractor Performance Assessment Reporting System.

CPC     Chemical Protective Clothing.

cPCI     compact Peripheral Component Interface.

CPDG     Comprehensive Project Design Guidance. (ILC)

CPE     Controls and Power Electronics (Operations Directorate).

CPI     Communications & Power Industries (Palo Alto)

CPIC     Capital Planning and Investment Control.

CPIX     Channeled-Proton-Induced Xrays.

CPO     Chiral Primary Operator

CPP     Compliance Partnership Program.

CPR     CardoPulmonary Resuscitation

CPRC     California Public Resources Code.

CPS     Circular Polarization Sign.

CPSA     Consumer Product Safety Act.

CPSC     Consumer Product Safety Commission.

CPSR     Contractor Purchasing System Review.

CPT     Charge Parity Transformations

CPT     theorem Charge conjugation Parity inversion Time reversal theorem. Holds that physics should not discriminate between particles and anti-particles (moving backwards in time).

CPU     Central Processing Unit (in a computer)

CPV     Charge-Parity Violation.

CPWC     Central Proportional Wire Chamber.

CQA     Contractor and Quality Assurance office (SLAC)

CQM     Constituent Quark Model

CR     Cosmic Ray.

CRAC     Computer Room Air Conditioners.

CRAD     Criteria Review and Approach Document.

CRADA     Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (between a DOE contractor and private industry)

Crash Bar     A device to push open a locked PPS gate in case of a fire or other emergency. Crash bars can be reset only with special keys kept in the MCC control room keysafe.

CREAM     Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass experiment.

CRENEL     Commission to Review the Effectiveness of the National Energy Laboratories.

Criteria     Descriptive factors taken into account by EPA in setting standards for various pollutants. These factors are used to determine limits on allowable concentration levels, and to limit the number of violations per year. When issued by EPA, the criteria provide guidance to the states on how to establish their standards.

Criteria Pollutants     The 1970 amendments to the Clean Air Act required EPA to set National Ambient Air Quality Standards for certain pollutants known to be hazardous to human health. EPA has identified and set standards to protect human health and welfare for six pollutants: ozone, carbon monoxide, total suspended particulates, sulfur dioxide, lead, and nitrogen oxide. The term, `criteria pollutants' derives from the requirement that EPA must describe the characteristics and potential health and welfare effects of these pollutants. It is on the basis of these criteria that standards are set or revised.

CRL     Compound Refractive Lens.

CRM    Customer Relations Management.

CRO     Chief Research Officer.

CROP     Cosmic Ray Observatory Project.

Cross Section     A measure of the probability that a collision will occur between a beam and a particular particle. The rate for a given process is proportional to its cross-section.

Cross Section     The area of the section of an object generated by the intersection of a plane with that object.

Crowbar     A circuit designed to quickly short out an electrical voltage in order to protect either equipment or personnel downstream of the system.

CRPP     Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas.

CRSI     Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute.

CRT     Cathode Ray Tube

CRYO     CRYogenic Operations. A SLAC Group in the Experimental Facilities Department that is responsible for the storage, transportation and use of low temperature liquid gases (commonly used as targets, or in detectors and superconducting magnets).

cryo-EM     cryo-Electron Microscopy

cryo-ET     cryo-Electron Tomography

Cryo-FIB-SEM     Cryo-Focused Ion Beam- Scanning Electron Microscopy

Cryo-FIB-TEM     Cryo-Focused Ion Beam-Transmission Electron Microscope

cryoFLM     cryo-Fluorescence Light Microscopy

Cryogenic     Substance having a temperature below -150 degrees F (-101.1 degrees C).

Cryogenic Operations     See CRYO.

Cryogenics     The branch of physics and engineering dealing with very low temperatures.

Cryogenics Engineering     See CYE.

Cryostat     An apparatus for maintaining a very low temperature. The final focus superconducting triplet quadrupoles and the spin rotator solenoids are enclosed in cryostats (a fancy name for a thermos bottle).

CSA     Canadian Standards Act.

CSA     Chemical Waste Storage Area.

CSB     Charge Symmetry Breaking.

CSB2     Columbia University - Stony Brook GBO calorimeter installed in an NaI array.

CS     C Cathode Strip Chambers.

CSCNS     Committee on Scientific Communication and National Security (NAS)

CSGAC     Chinese Scientists Group on Arms Control

CSGB     Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division (DOE)

CSIP     Charge-Sensitive Infrared Phototransistor.

CSIP     Cyber Safety Improvement Plan / Program.

CSIRO     Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. (Australia)

CSIS     Center for Strategic & International Studies (Washington D.C.)

CSKR     Cremmer-Scherk-Kalb-Ramond.

CSM     Calogero-Sutherland-Moser

CSO     Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (Hawaii).

CSO     Chief Safety Officer. (SLAC)

CSP     Chemical Strategies Partnership.

CSPP     Cyber Security Program Plan.

CSR     Coherent Synchrotron Radiation.

CSS     Common Site Support

CSX     Five channel differential transceiver.

CT     Computer-assisted Tomography.

CT     Cooling Tower.

CT     Cold Test.

CTA      Cerenkov Telescope Array.

CTBT     Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty

CTC     Closed Timelike Curves.

CTD     Cumulative Trauma Disorder. A form of musculo-skeletal disorder caused by damage to tissue from repetitive motion or sustained posture.

CTEQ     Coordinated Theoretical-Experiment project on the QCD.

CTF     Collider Test Facility

CTG     Control Technique Guidelines. A series of EPA documents designed to assist states in defining reasonable available control technology (RACT) for major sources of volatile organic compounds (VOC).

CTM     Corner Transfer Matrix

CTP     Closed Time Path

CTW     Cooling Tower Water.

CUDA     Compute Unified Device Architecture. An open-source compiler.

CUI     Controlled Unclassified Information.

CUIR     Critical Utility Infrastructure Revitalization (DOE)

Cumulative Working Level Months     See CWLM.

CUORE     Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events. (Italy)

CUP     Central Utility Plant.

Curie    See Ci. ENVIRO

CUSB     Columbia University-Stony Brook segmented NaI detector at CESR.

CV     Cost Variance.

CVD     Chemical Vapor Deposition method

CVM     Cluster Variation Method

CVP     Central Valley Project (WAPA)

CVSS     Common Vulnerability Scoring System. (Computing)

CW     Code Workshop.

CW     Continuous Wave (RF).

CW     Cooling water. See also LCW.

CWA     Clean Water Act. (33 U.S.C. Sec. 1251 et seq)

CWC     California Water Code.

CWE     Current Working Estimate.

CWFA     Cherenkov Wake Field Accelerator

CWKB     Gomplex Wentzel-Karmers-Brillouin.

CWLM     Cumulative Working Level Months. The sum of lifetime exposure to radon working levels expressed in total working level months.

CWMA     Centralized Waste Management Area.

CWMB     California Waste Management Board.

CWR     Contingent WorkeR.

CX     Categorical Exclusion.

CXD     Categorical Exclusion Determination.

CXI     Coherent X-ray Imaging (LCLS).

CXIDB     Coherent X-ray Imaging Database.

CXL     The central controller chassis from Cerberus, used at SLAC for fire detection.

CXO     Chandra X-ray Observatory

CY     Calendar Year, 1 Jan thru 31 Dec. See also FY (Fiscal Year).

CY     Calabi-Yan

Cyberspace     A term coined by William Gibson in his fantasy novel `Neuromancer' to describe the `world' of computers, and the society that gathers around them. Now more generally defined as the on-line world of computer networks.

CYE     CrYogenics Engineering. A SLAC Organizational Group.

CYL     CYLinder.

CYO     CrYogenics Operations.

Czar     Term used to designate person within a group who has responsibility for administration of a type of information resource. See also mega-czar.